1. abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃
abandon the baby/ child/ friend
abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hopeabandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于
He abandoned himself to despair.
2. ability n. 能力; 才能
the ability to walk 行走的能力to the best of one’s ability 竭尽全力
He completed the job to the best of his ability.
3.abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的
They thought his behavior was abnormal.反义词：normal
4. aboard prep. adv.在船上，上船all the people aboard 机上的人
5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处a) be about to do sth… 正要做某事，这时......
I was about to go out when it began to rain.b) look about/around/round
c) How/What about…询问情况或建议
6 . above prep 在…上面
above all 首先;尤其
7. abroad ad.到国外
a) go /study /live abroad
b) at home and abroad在国内外
8. absence n. 不在，缺席absence from work/ school
The decision was made in my absence.in the absence of 在缺少...…条件下
The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.
9. absent adj. 缺席的，不在的
be absent from 缺席......
absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
10. absorb vt.1) 吸收，吸进 2) 理解，掌握
absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energyabsorb information/ knowledge
be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于…...
11. abuse v. / n. 滥用，谩骂
abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权
12. accept vt. 接受，承认accept the gift/invitation/plan
accept sb/sth as…
13. access n.方法，通路，机会The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.Only high officials have access to the emperor.We students have access to the school library.accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的Such information is not easily accessible to the public.
14. accident n.事故，意外的事by accident/chance 偶然，无意中;不小心
15. accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏
accompany sb. to the school/supermarketaccompany the singer on/at the piano
Lighteningusually accompanies thunder.
16. accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现
accomplishment n. 成就，成绩accomplish the task/purpose/goal
17. according to 根据
According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.
18. accuse vt. 指控，指责
accuse sb of sth 控告…...
19. accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的be/get/become accustomed to doing
He was soon accustomed to getting up early.
20. ache vi./n 疼痛
headache / toothache
My back aches so much.
21. achieve vt 达到;取得
achieve success/victory/one’s goal
22. achievement n. 成就，业绩;完成
make great achievements
23. acknowledge v. 承认，致谢It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.Yaoming is acknowledged as/to be the best player in China.I acknowledged financialsupport from the local government.
24. across prep./adv. 穿过，横穿
cross v. 穿过，横穿
cross a street
come/run across偶然碰到
25. act n.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事act as 充当;扮演
act out 把…...表演出来
26. action n. 行动
take action to do sth
put sth into action 把…付诸实施
27. active adj. 积极的;主动的
take an active part in/be active in 积极参加
28. activity n. 活动
outdoor activities 户外运动
29. actual a.实际的
actually adv.
in fact 实际上
30. adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编 vt. 使适应
adapt to change/the city life
adapt oneself to the new surroundings
adapt the novel for a film
31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说addto 添加
add up 把…加在一起
add up to总计为; 总数为a) His illness added to our trouble.
b) He added that he would come again.c) Please add these figuresup.
d) These numbers add up to 100.e) He added some salt to the water.
32. address n.地址 vt.写地址;向…...讲话address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信
The letter was wrongly addressed.The president addressed the public.
33. adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应
adjust your speed/the volume/the cameraadjust to the dark/the single life
adjust yourself to the student life
adjustment n. 调整，调节
34. admire v 钦佩.;羡慕admire sb for sth
I admire John for his courage.
35. admit vt 1) 承认
admit one’s mistakes
admit doing/having doneHe admitted having stolen the money.2) 准许
admit sb to/into→sb be admitted toHe has been admitted to Beijing University.
36. adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳adopt a child
the adopted son/daughteradopt a new policy/a suggestion/a plan/an attitude
37. advance vi. 推进，促进;前进
advanced adj.先进的/ 高级的in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker
38. advantage n. 优点，好处 反：disadvantagetake advantage of 利用
have an advantage over 优于…...
to sb’s advantage 对有利
39. advertise vt. 为…...做广告1)为…做广告
advertise a product2)登广告征求/寻找…...
advertise for a new sales manager
40. advice n. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议
take/follow/accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议
a piece of advice 一条建议give sb some advice on sthadvise sb to do
advise doing
advise that …+doOur teacher advised that we should study hard.
41. affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等Smoking affects health.
People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.
42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出; 提供
can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth
I can’t afford a book/to buy the book
43. afraid a. 害怕的;担心的be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做…...
be afraid of doing 害怕...…She was afraid to go out alone at night.
She was afraid of waking him up.
44. against prep 对着，反对, 违背，靠着，迎着，衬着stand against the wall
go against nature
be against sthThey are strongly against the plan.
The pine tree were black against the morning sky.
45. age n.年龄;时代 vi. 变老
for ages 多年
at an early age
at the age of …of the same age=of an age
After his wife’s death he aged quickly.
46. agree vi. 同意;应允1)agree with
①同意
agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.②表示一致;“ 对…适宜”：The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。2)agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .3)agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。4) agree to do sth
He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement
6) I can’t/couldn’t agree more.
47. ahead ad. 在前，向前
ahead of time 提前
go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧
48. aid n. 援助;救护;辅助工具v. 帮助，促进
first aid 急救
in aid of 支持by aid of 借助于，通过…的帮助
come/go to one’s aid 帮助某人aid in/with sth 帮助某人做…...
49. aim at① 瞄准,对准 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.② 努力 She"s aiming at a scholarship.③ 针对某人 My words were not aimed at you.
50. alike adj. 相像的，十分相似的adv. 相似地，相同地
We are alike in many ways.They tried to treat their children alike.
51. alive a. 活着的，存在的
catch …alive 活捉
keep…alive
be alive with= be full of
The lake was alive with fish.
Who is the greatest man alive.
52. allow v 准许，允许
allow doing/sb to doallow for 把......考虑进去
Has everything been allowed for in your plan?
53. almost adv. 几乎，差不多Almost no one/nobody came to the party.
There was almost no snow that winter.
54. alone adj./adv. 单独，孤独1) 形容词She is alone at home. 2) 副词I like to work alone. 3) “只有，仅仅” The shoes alone cost $200.
let /leave sb/sth alone 别打扰......let alone 更不用说
lonely1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的” a lonely man/island.2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely
He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
55. aloud ad.大声地
read aloud 大声朗读
think aloud 自言自语
56. amaze vt. 使惊奇/惊叹/惊异What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊异的
amazing adj.令人惊奇的/惊异的 57. amount n. 数额 vi. 总计，合计
a large amount of=large amounts of +不可数名词amount to1) 达到，总计Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为1357个工作日。2)等于，意味着Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。
58. amuse vt. 使发笑/愉快
The funny drawings amused the kids.be amused by/at/with 被…逗乐
amuse oneself 自娱自乐The boys amused themselves by drawing.
59. amusement n.
1) 娱乐,发笑
to one’s amusement 让某人发笑
They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by.他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements 60. angry adj 生气的，愤怒的 be angry at 因为...…而生气
be angry with sb 生某人的气
61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布announce a decision/plan/intention
announce sth to sb
announce thatAt the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached.make an announcement
62. announcement n. 通告，通知
63. annoy vt. 烦恼
be annoyed with sb.for sth.What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.annoyed adj. 略感烦恼的
annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的 64. answer n/v.
the answer to the question
answer a question/the door/the phoneanswer for 对… 负责
You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.
65. anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担心anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的; 担心的;渴望的，急切的
be anxious about sth for sbbe anxious to do sth
67. apologize v. 道歉，歉意
apology n.道歉，歉意
make an apology/apologies to sb for sth
apologise to sb for sth
68. appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求The design has appealed to people of all ages.
I appeal to you to protect the environment.have/hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力
lose one’s appeal 失去吸引力
69. appear
1) vi. 出现，露面2) 系动词 似乎，好像
appear+ + n/adj 似乎It appears that /as if...
He appeared to be happy in the news.It appears to me that he will win.It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。
70. appearance n. 出现，露面;容貌
judge by appearances 以貌取人
71. application n.申请
make an application for
72. apply v. 申请;应用
apply for 申请;请求apply sth to …运用，应用
apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事
73. appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定1) 任命，委派
A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。
He was appointed as chairman.2). 约定，确定
Everyone got there at the appointed time.In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.
74. appointment n.
make an appointment 约定，任命
his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命
75. appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激
appreciate your concern
appreciate doing sthappreciate your abilities/fine works of art
I’d appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.
76. approach
1). v. 接近;靠近;走进As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching.2). n. 接近;方法;途径;通路He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling.His approach to the problem are wrong. All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.
77. approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准
approve of 赞成，同意
approve of one’s ideaHe doesn’t approve of my leaving this year.
approve the plan/ proposal 通过/批准计划/提议
approval n.
79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n. argument
1) argue for/against 赞成/反对
2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事3) argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事
80. arise vi.
1) 出现，发生，产生
A new crisis has arisen. 新危机出现。2)起床，起身，起立
He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。
81.argument n.
1)争论，辩论
have an argument with sb about/over sth2) 论点，论据
a powerful argument against smoking
82. armn. 手臂,支架 武器
arm in arm 手挽手
take up arms 拿起武器vt. 以…装备/武装起...来 arm…with…Armed with the new equipment, the explorers entered the cave.
be armed to the teeth 全副武装
83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约around the corner 在拐角处，即将到来
around the clock 昼夜不停地
84.arrange vt. 安排，布置arrange an appointment 安排预约
Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.arrangement n. 安排，布置
make arrangements for…
85. arrest vt./n. 逮捕，拘捕
He got arrested for careless driving.put/place sb under arrest 逮捕某人
86. arrive v. arrival n. 到来;达到
87. article n. 文章;东西;物品;冠词
an article of clothing 一件衣服
88. ashamed adj. 惭愧，害臊
89. asleep adj. 睡着的，熟睡的
fall asleep 入睡
He seems to be fast asleep.
90. assist v. 帮助，协助
assist sb. in doing/with sth.We’ll assist you in finding a place to live.She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.assistance n.
technical/military assistance 技术/军事援助
91. assume v. 假定，假设
It is assumed that…普遍认为......I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。
assuming … 假设，假如
assumption n.
92.ashamed 感到羞愧的
a) be ashamed of 为......感到羞愧c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧
ashamed & shamefulashamed 指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊shameful 指事物或本身可耻不道德。
He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.
93. astonish v. 使震惊
astonished 感到震惊的
astonishing 令人震惊的94. attach v. 贴上，系上，附加
attach …to...
95. attempt v./n. 试图，尝试attempt to do sth
He was charged with attempting to kill his wife.attempt sth
The plane crashedwhile attempting an emergency landing.make an attempt to do/at doing 试图做某事
96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍;出席，参加
attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concertattend to sth处理，注意，照料
I have a few other things to attend to.attend on sb 看护，照料
97. attention n. 注意，关心pay attention to doing
draw one’s attention todoing
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on
attract one’s attention
98. attract v. 吸引，引起
Like attracts like. 物以类聚
99. available adj. 可利用的，可得到的，有效的
100. average adj 平均的;普通的 n. 平均数
on average 平均I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。
101.avoid v.避免，躲避
avoid doing
102. awake v. 唤醒;adj 醒着的
Is he awake or asleep?
awake to sth 意识到/醒悟到It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation.
103. award n.奖品 v.授予
104. aware adj.意识到的
be aware of...
105. away adv.离开;远离
keep away from 保持距离
far away 在远处right away 立刻，马上
give away 泄露，赠送
106. awfuladj.可怕的; 糟糕的; 非常的; 极坏的adv.非常，极;
